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This day marks the approximate midpoint of winter in the Northern Hemisphere and of summer in the Southern Hemisphere (starting the season at the December solstice). ==Events== * 211 – Roman Emperor Septimius Severus dies at Eboracum (modern York, England) while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians. He leaves the empire in the control of his two quarrelling sons. * 634 – Battle of Dathin: Rashidun forces under Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan defeat the Christian Arabs around Gaza (Palestine). * 960 – The coronation of Zhao Kuangyin as Emperor Taizu of Song, initiating the Song dynasty period of China that would last more than three centuries. *1169 – A strong earthquake struck the Ionian coast of Sicily, causing tens of thousands of injuries and deaths, especially in Catania. *1454 – In the Thirteen Years' War, the Secret Council of the Prussian Confederation sends a formal act of disobedience to the Grand Master. *1555 – John Rogers was a clergyman, Bible translator and commentator, and the first English Protestant martyr under Mary I of England. *1703 – In Edo (now Tokyo), 46 of the Forty-seven Ronin commit seppuku (ritual suicide) as recompense for avenging their master's death. *1758 – Macapá, Brazil is founded. *1789 – George Washington is unanimously elected as the first President of the United States by the U.S. Electoral College. *1794 – The French legislature abolishes slavery throughout all territories of the French First Republic. It will be reestablished in the French West Indies in 1802. *1797 – The Riobamba earthquake strikes Ecuador, causing up to 40,000 casualties. *1801 – John Marshall is sworn in as Chief Justice of the United States. *1810 – The Royal Navy seizes Guadeloupe. *1820 – The Chilean Navy under the command of Lord Cochrane completes the 2-day long Capture of Valdivia with just 300 men and 2 ships. *1825 – The Ohio Legislature authorizes the construction of the Ohio and Erie Canal and the Miami and Erie Canal. *1846 – The first Mormon pioneers make their exodus from Nauvoo, Illinois, westward towards Salt Lake Valley. *1859 – The Codex Sinaiticus is discovered in Egypt. *1861 – American Civil War: In Montgomery, Alabama, delegates from six break-away U.S. states meet and form the Confederate States of America. *1899 – The Philippine–American War begins with the Battle of Manila. *1932 – Second Sino-Japanese War: Harbin, Manchuria, falls to Japan. *1936 – Radium becomes the first radioactive element to be made synthetically. *1941 – The United Service Organization (USO) is created to entertain American troops. *1945 – World War II: Santo Tomas Internment Camp is liberated from Japanese authority. * 1945 – World War II: The Yalta Conference between the "Big Three" (Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin) opens at the Livadia Palace in the Crimea. * 1945 – World War II: The British Indian Army and Imperial Japanese Army begin a series of battles known as the Battle of Pokoku and Irrawaddy River operations. *1948 – Ceylon (later renamed Sri Lanka) becomes independent within the British Commonwealth. *1961 – Angolan War of Independence begins. *1966 – All Nippon Airways Flight 60 plunges into Tokyo Bay, killing 133. *1967 – Lunar Orbiter program: Lunar Orbiter 3 lifts off from Cape Canaveral's Launch Complex 13 on its mission to identify possible landing sites for the Surveyor and Apollo spacecraft. *1969 – Yasser Arafat takes over as chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization. *1974 – The Symbionese Liberation Army kidnaps Patty Hearst in Berkeley, California. * 1974 – M62 coach bombing: The Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) explodes a bomb on a bus carrying off-duty British Armed Forces personnel in Yorkshire, England. Nine soldiers and three civilians are killed. *1975 – Haicheng earthquake (magnitude 7.3 on the Richter scale) occurs in Haicheng, Liaoning, China. *1976 – In Guatemala and Honduras an earthquake kills more than 22,000. *1977 – A Chicago Transit Authority elevated train rear-ends another and derails, killing 11 and injuring 180, the worst accident in the agency's history. *1980 – Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini names Abolhassan Banisadr as president of Iran. *1992 – A coup d'état is led by Hugo Chávez against Venezuelan President Carlos Andrés Pérez. *1996 – Major snowstorm paralyzes Midwestern United States, Milwaukee, Wisconsin and ties all-time record low temperature at −26 °F (−32.2 °C) *1997 – En route to Lebanon, two Israeli Sikorsky CH-53 troop-transport helicopters collide in mid-air over northern Galilee, Israel killing 73. * 1997 – After at first contesting the results, Serbian President Slobodan Milošević recognizes opposition victories in the November 1996 elections. *1998 – An earthquake measuring 6.1 on the Richter Scale in northeast Afghanistan kills more than 5,000. *1999 – Unarmed West African immigrant Amadou Diallo is shot dead by four plainclothes New York City police officers on an unrelated stake-out, inflaming race relations in the city. *2003 – The Bengali Hindus declare the independence of the Republic of Bangabhumi from Bangladesh. *2003 – The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia is officially renamed Serbia and Montenegro and adopts a new constitution. *2004 – Facebook, a mainstream online social networking site, is founded by Mark Zuckerberg. *2006 – A stampede occurs in the PhilSports Arena near Manila, killing 71 people. *2015 – A TransAsia Airways aircraft with 58 people on board, en route from the Taiwanese capital Taipei to Kinmen, crashes into the Keelung River just after take-off, killing at least 31 people. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「February 4」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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